Examining the Possibility of Spousal Rights Equality in the Structure of Temporary Marriage with a Jurisprudential Approach
Keywords:
Gender equality, rights of couples, temporary marriage, Islamic jurisprudenceAbstract
This article is designed with the aim of examining the possibility of achieving legal equality between spouses within the structure of temporary marriage, adopting a jurisprudential approach and within the framework of Islamic principles. Using a descriptive–analytical method and based on library studies, the research first clarifies the concept of “equality” as intended in this study. Then, in light of this concept, the legal structure of temporary marriage and the existing gender-based disparities—such as the unilateral right of the husband to terminate the duration (badh al-mudda)—are analyzed, and discriminatory instances are identified. Subsequently, considering social transformations and the changing status and role of women in contemporary societies, as well as the growing involvement of governments in safeguarding individual rights, the necessity of reconsidering certain jurisprudential rulings is emphasized. In this context, legal instruments such as the rule of la darar (prohibition of harm), the principle of nafī al-haraj (elimination of unbearable hardship), and the analysis of novel issues (masāʾil mustaḥdatha) are introduced as jurisprudential foundations for the reform or modification of some rulings related to spousal rights in temporary marriage. The article proceeds by examining how instances of harm and hardship are identified in marital relations and by analyzing variable subjects influenced by temporal and spatial changes that necessitate a change in ruling. It demonstrates that the removal or reduction of legal inequalities in temporary marriage is, to a large extent, attainable and realizable.
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