The Role of the Law on Mandatory Official Registration of Transactions and Registration Systems in Enhancing Legal Security and Preventing Property Disputes

Abstract

One of the most critical challenges facing Iran’s legal system in the field of real estate and land is the proliferation of property-related disputes and the resulting legal insecurity caused by unofficial transactions. In response to this problem, the Law on Mandatory Official Registration of Immovable Property Transactions was enacted with the objective of reinstating the legal status of official deeds as the sole valid reference for property transfers and promoting legal and judicial order. This law establishes an appropriate foundation for reducing violations and property-related conflicts by strengthening the role of notary public offices, preventing conflicting transactions and fraud, and stipulating criminal sanctions for violators. In addition to legal requirements, modern registration platforms such as Meysam, Simak, Shamim, Saghar, Kateb, and the National Real Estate Management System, utilizing information and geospatial technologies, play an unparalleled role in integrating ownership data, enhancing transparency, reducing registration conflicts, and preventing legal disputes. These systems enable accurate oversight, real-time inquiries, and intelligent land management for relevant authorities. Using a descriptive–analytical method, this study explains the synergy between the Law on Mandatory Official Registration and digital registration systems, demonstrating that the combination of binding legal provisions with technological tools offers an effective pathway toward enhancing legal security, safeguarding property rights, and reducing the judicial burden resulting from real estate disputes in the country.