Obligation of Citizens to Observe Sharia Norms in Islamic Governance from the Perspective of Imami Jurisprudence

Abstract

The issue of obligating citizens to observe Sharia norms in Islamic governance is one of the controversial topics in Imami jurisprudence, rooted in the diversity of jurists’ opinions and contemporary social transformations. This study, using an analytical-deductive approach and based on authentic jurisprudential sources such as the Qur’an, narrations of the Infallibles (peace be upon them), and the views of jurists such as Sheikh al-Tusi, Allameh Hilli, Imam Khomeini, and Martyr al-Sadr, examines the foundations of legitimacy or illegitimacy of governmental obligation, its scope (divine rights, human rights, and joint rights), the conditions for its realization, and the tools for its enforcement. The findings show that proponents of obligation regard it as part of the authority of the Guardian Jurist and necessary for maintaining religious and social order, whereas opponents emphasize the rejection of coercion in the private sphere, insist on individual freedom, and appeal to principles such as the negation of dominion. The research suggests establishing a balance between preserving Sharia and respecting citizens’ rights in order to reduce social tensions and make Islamic governance more effective. This study not only fills existing theoretical gaps but also offers practical strategies for policymakers.